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【】nity. butaftertheyhadsettleddoehadbeerich andothershadgroenttofallinto thehandsofthoseobligedtoheirliving andselvestopolitics. ihavetoldyouhohishadhappenediandin sopotaaandingreeong thegernicpopulationofeeuropeassoonasorder hadbeeored.theeeuropeanworldwasruled inthefirstplacebyaneeroredbytheseven htstiortantkingsofthevastroneireof thegernnationandaginary andverylittleactualpoberof ki hehandsofthousandsoffeudalpriheir subjectssorserfs.thereies.there iddleclass.butdurihirteeury afteraathousaheddle oreappeareduponthehis toricalstageanditsriseichapter, hadantadecreaseintheinfluehecastlefolk. thusfar,theking,inrulinghisdoins,hadonlypaid attentiontotheenandhisbishops.butthe he theddleclassorsuffer froneverincreasiinessofhisexchequer.their jestiesiftheyhadfolloheirhiddenwisheswould haveasliefnsultedtheirheirpigsasthegood burghersoftheirselves. theyshebitterpillbecauseitnot houtastruggle. inengland,duringtheabsenhardthelion heartedotheholyland,butending thegreaterpartofhiscrusadingvoyageinanaustrian jailthegoventoftheuntryhadbeenplathe handsofjohn,abrotherofrichard,whowashisinferiorin theartofinistrator.johnhad begunhisandyandthe greaterpartofthefrenanaged togetintoaquarrelous ehehohenstaufens.thepopehadexnicated johnasgregoryviihadexnicatedtheeeror henryivturiesbefore.intheyear1ad beenobligedtokeanignoniouspeacejustashenryiv undisyedbyhislaess,johnntioabuse hisroyalpoadeaprisoner oftheiranointedrulerandforisethathe erferehthea rightsofhissubjects.allthishappenedonalittleislandin thethas,hevillageofruhe15thof juheyear1215.thedottohjohnsigned hisnaagnacarta.it ntainedverylittlethatrestatedinshortand direerated theprivilegesofhisvassals.itpaidlittleattentiontothe rightsifanyofthevastjorityofthepeople,thepeasants, butitoffereduritiestotherisingclassofthe rts.itportanauseitdefined
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